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Strategic sustainable development — selection, design and synergies of applied tools

2002

United Nations University

The number of tools and approaches to develop sustainability is growing rapidly. Sometimes they are presented as if they are contradictory or in competition. However, a systems approach consistent with basic principles and the requirements of sustainability shows that these to...

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Towards a sustainable society: United Nations University's Zero Emissions Approach

2007

United Nations University

Through the Zero Emissions lens, material cycles from intake to emissions should be managed as a holistic system. Thus, the primary focus is the intake of natural resources within renewable limits and final emissions within acceptable limits. This implies the optimization thro...

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2008 Review of Directive 2002/96 on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) - Final Report to European Commission

2007

United Nations University

For the review of the WEEE Directive, the European Commission (EC) launched three research studies analyzing the impact and implementation of the WEEE Directive and potential changes that might be required. This study focused on the total environmental, economic and social imp...

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Environmental technologies – from misleading interpretations to an operational categorisation & definition

2007

United Nations University

Environmental technology (ET) has become a catchphrase during the past decades. Nevertheless, an operational definition is not yet plain, allowing manufacturers and engineers to add to their technologies the supplement “environmental” whenever they feel it is appropriate – eve...

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Integrative approaches towards Zero Emissions regional planning: synergies of concepts

2007

United Nations University

This paper presents four strategic approaches for sustainable regional development: The Natural Step Framework, Zero Emissions, Eco-Industrial Parks, and The Rocky Mountains Institute's Economic Renewal program. Analysis against the requirements of regional planning shows a gr...

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Guideline on the Awareness Raising - Design Considerations

2009

Secretariat of the Basel Convention

Product design affects every stage of a product‟s life cycle and can have a significant impact in reducing the negative life cycle impacts on human health and the environment, including end-of-life impacts and waste management. In this guideline, end-of-life impacts, and how d...

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Guideline for the Transboundary Movement of Collected Mobile Phones

2009

Secretariat of the Basel Convention

The guideline addresses the transboundary movement of collected used and end-of-life mobile phones. Once collected, the mobile phones should be evaluated and/or tested and labeled to determine whether they are suitable for reuse, possibly after the repair, refurbishment, or up...

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Guidelines and standards for EoL operations on e-Waste

2009

United Nations University

This report comprises the following parts: 1) The description of legislation, standards, and guidelines on general e-waste. 2) The description of legislation, standards, and guidelines on specific types of e-waste. 3) An analysis of specific topics addressed in legislation, st...

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A review of the environmental fate and effects of hazardous substances released from electrical and electronic equipments during recycling: Examples from China and India

2010

United Nations University

This paper presents data found in the scientific and grey literature about concentrations of lead (Pb), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dioxins and furans as well as polybrominated dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs and PBDD/Fs) monitored in various environmen...

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One WEEE, many species: Lessons from the European experience

2011

United Nations University

The European Union’s (EU) Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive was essentially in response to the toxicity of e-waste — to ensure that it was collected and treated in an environmentally sound manner. This paper identifies some key features of the Directiv...

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